"intelligence"

1966 · Daniel Keyes · 311 pages · Science Fiction

Daniel Keyes' novel about a man whose intelligence is artificially enhanced and then taken away is one of the most emotionally powerful works of science fiction ever written. The progress report format allows readers to experience Charlie's transformation from the inside, watching his language and understanding evolve and then deteriorate in real time. It's a trick that works because Keyes never treats it as a trick. The ethical questions the book raises about intelligence, consent, and human dignity have only grown more relevant since 1966. Some readers find the middle sections overly focused on Charlie's romantic frustrations. But the opening and closing of this novel will stay with you for years.